Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar levels due to insufficient amounts of insulin or ineffective use of insulin by the body. Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, is necessary for the transfer of sugar from the blood to the cells, where it is used as an energy source.

There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes usually develops in childhood or adolescence and is associated with a complete lack of insulin. Patients with this type of diabetes need constant support for insulin therapy.

Type 2 diabetes, which is more common, is associated with insufficient insulin efficacy and often develops in adults, especially in overweight people. This type of diabetes can be controlled by changing lifestyle, diet and, if necessary, taking oral medications or insulin.

Symptoms of diabetes can include frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue, delayed wound healing, visual problems, and weight loss. However, some people may not have obvious symptoms, and diabetes may go unnoticed in the early stages.

Diabetes prevention and management includes the following measures:

Proper nutrition: A balanced diet with moderate intake of carbohydrates, fats and proteins can help control blood sugar levels.

Physical Activity: Regular exercise helps to lower blood sugar levels and maintain health.

Weight Control: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Regular medical examinations: Early detection of diabetes and its control through regular examinations contributes to the management of the disease.

Quitting bad habits: Smoking and drinking alcohol can make the situation worse, so they are best avoided.

Diabetes is a serious disease that requires constant attention to one’s own health. Effective diabetes management can help prevent complications such as heart disease, vascular damage, kidney and vision problems. It is important to monitor your lifestyle, follow your doctor’s recommendations and undergo regular medical examinations to monitor your health.